Condicionantes de la salvaguardia de estructuras prehispánicas de tierra en México.

Abstract

The conservation of the legacy of pre-Hispanic origin built with earth faces different types of problems, among which the absence of information on the procedures that were used both for its construction and in periodic maintenance work stands out. Given this lack of data, different measures have recently been taken to protect the archaeological remains, but with very different levels of success. This text aims to analyze in a diachronic way the existing problems in these activities in our country, based on the comparative study of emblematic cases. Based on conceptual references embodied in international regulations and current sustainability criteria, some of the results achieved in archaeological sites where various measures have been taken are evaluated, including preventive conservation actions, restoration, reconstruction, and reburying. It is concluded that the management of heritage built with land and especially that of pre-Hispanic origin requires guidelines that take into account locally available information, traditional constructive knowledge and the integral rescue of heritage from the biocultural perspective.